Native and Non-native Teachers’ Pragmatic Criteria for Rating Request Speech Act: The Case of American and Iranian EFL Teachers

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Abstract:

Abstract: Over the last few decades, several aspects of pragmatic knowledge and its effects on teaching  and  learning  a  second  language  (L2)  have  been  explored  in  many  studies.  However, among  various  studies,  the  area  of  interlanguage  pragmatic  (ILP)  assessment  is  quite  novel issue and many features of it have remained unnoticed. As ILP assessment has received more attention recently, the necessity of investigation on the EFL teachers‟ rating criteria for rating various  speech  acts  has  become  important.  In  this  respect,  the  present  study  aimed  to investigate  the  native  and  non-native EFL teachers‟ rating scores and criteria  regarding  the speech  act  of  request.  To  this  end,  50  American  ESL  teachers  and  50  Iranian  EFL  teachers participated to rate the EFL learners‟ responses to video-prompted Discourse Completion Tests (DCTs)  regarding  the  speech  act  of  request.  Raters  were  supposed to rate the EFL learners‟ responses and mention their criteria for assessment. The results of the content analysis of raters‟ comments revealed nine criteria that they considered in their assessment. Moreover, the result of  the  t-test  and  chi-square analyses of raters‟ rating scores and criteria proved that there are significant differences between native and non-native EFL teachers‟ rating pattern. The results of this study also shed light on importance of sociopragmatic and pragmalinguistic features in native  and  non-native teachers‟ pragmatic rating, which can have several implications for L2 teachers, learners, and material developers. معیارهای معلمان زبان بومی و غیربومی در نمره دهی کنش کلامی درخواست : مورد معلمان انگلیسی زبان آمریکایی و ایرانی چکیده: طی چند دهه اخیر،  جنبه های  متفاوتی از دانش منظور شناختی  و تاثیر آن بر آموزش و فراگیری زبان دوم در تحقیقات متعدد مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. با این حال، در میان تحقیقات مختلف، ارزیابی منظور شناختی بینازبانی تقریبا یک موضوع جدید محسوب می شود و بسیاری از جنبه های آن مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. به دلیل اهمیت زیادی که اخیرا ارزیابی منظور شناختی بینازبانی پیدا کرده است، ضرورت بررسی معیارهای سنجش معلمان انگلیسیِ بومی و غیربومی در نمره دهی کنش های کلامی آشکار گشته است. در این زمینه، تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی معیارها و نمره های داده شده توسط معلمان انگلیسیِ  بومی و غیربومی در ارزیابی کنش کلامی درخواست صورت پذیرفته است.  بدین منظور، 50 معلم انگلیسی زبان آمریکایی و 50 معلم انگلیسی زبان ایرانی برای ارزیابی مجموعه موقعیت آزمون تکمیل گفتمان زبان آموزان ایرانی مشارکت کردند. معلمان می بایست پاسخ های داده شده توسط زبان آموزان را نمره داده و معیار هایی که  برای ارزیابی در نظر گرفته بودند، ذکر می کردند. در نتیجه ی تحلیل محتوای نظرات معلمان،9 معیار که معلمان در ارزیابی زبان آموزان در نظر گرفته بودند مشخص شد. علاوه بر این، نتیجه ی آزمون تی و مربع خی نمرات داده شده و معیارهای ذکر شده معلمان نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری بین روش های نمره دهی معلمان بومی و غیر بومی وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه  اهمیت ویژگی هایمنظور-جامعه شناختی و زبان-منظورشناختی را در ارزیابی منظور شناختی معلمان بومی و غیربومی مشخص کرده می تواند کاربرد گوناگونی برای معلمان زبان دوم،  دانش آموزان، و طراحان کتاب های درسی داشته باشد. کلید واژه ها: نمره دهی منظور شناختی بین زبانی، ملاک نمره دهی،  در خواست، آزمون موقعیت تکمیل گفتمان

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Journal title

volume 6  issue 1

pages  67- 84

publication date 2017-01-01

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